专四近五年真题近义词辨析
天天盛情情[来看我]
1. oppose to, object to, protest against 均有“反对”的意思。
oppose常指“对或人或某事才去积极举动来反对”,尤指反对一种看法,头脑方案等,语气比object强。
object to 多指因一局部厌恶或反感而反对,但不一定分明地暴显露来。
protest against 指公开反对,抗议,表现一种态度。
2. member, persons, personnel, faculty
member 表现“成员,会员”。
persons泛指人。
personnel 作为聚集名词表现“全体职员或职员”。比如:
sales/technical/security/military personnel 表现“倾销/武艺/保安/兵士”。
faculty 指“全体教员”。
3. injurious, injured, injuring,injury
injurious 表现“形成损伤的,不利的”
injured 表现“(使人或情感)遭到损伤的”,比如:the injured party “遇害人”。
injuring v. injure的ing情势
injury n. (对躯体)的损伤,损伤;(对情感的)损伤,伤害
4. yell, yank, yelp, yield
yell v. 叫唤,大呼,吼叫
yank v.猛拉,猛拽
yelp v.因疼痛等尖叫
yield v. 屈从,让步
5. adoptable, amendable, alterable, adaptable
adoptable “可接纳的,可收养的”
amendable “可修正的”
alterable “可改动的”
adaptable “可顺应的”,后方加上“to”,表现“同……相顺应”。
6. thoughts,opinions,concerns, reasons
thoughts “想法,看法”,have second thoughts表现“改动想法,改动想法”。
opinions “意见,想法,看法”,have a good opinion of sb./sth. 表现“评价好”。
concerns “关心的事,担心”。 reasons “缘故”。
7. controversially, arguably, debatably, finally,questionably,contentiously
controversially “颇有争议地”。
arguably “可论证地,可以说”,常用于形貌词比力级或最高等之前,用于表达看法或看法。
debatably “有疑问地,有争议地”。 finally “最初,终极”。
questionably “可疑地,不真实地,有成绩地”。contentiously “爱争论地,有贰言地”。
8. explicitly, specially, speculatively, specifically
explicitly “明白地,清晰明白地”,重申“明白,不含糊”。
specially “分外地,特意地”。
speculatively “谋利地,臆测地”。
specifically “特定地,专门地,重申”,重申“专门针对某一类人或某一类事物”。
9. imposition, coercion, enforcement, reinforcement
imposition 表现“(规章、处罚、税种等的)实行”;
coercion 表现“欺压、胁迫”;
enforcement 表现“(欺压)实行(规章或执法)”。
reinforcement 表现“安稳、加强、强化”。
10. justice, testimony, trial, verdict
justice “公平,公平;审判”,bring sb. to justice 意为“依法惩办或人,将或人逃出法网”;
testimony “(尤指法庭上证人作的)证词”;
trial “审理,审判”,可用于安稳搭配bring sb. to trial, 表现“将或人提交法庭审理”;
verdict “(法庭作出的)判决”。
11. cut, buoy, offer, offset
cut “减少,减少”,cut the cost of sth. “低落……本钱”。
buoy “维持(利润、价格等的)高水平”;
offer “提供,需求”;
offset “抵消,补偿”。
12. recommendation, recording,recollection, recognition
recommendation “保举,先容;发起”;
recording “音像录制品;(尤指音乐的)录制”;
recollection “影象,追念”,have no recollection of 表现“想不起来,记不起”。
recognition “供认,承认”。
13. consist, constitute, compose, construct
consist 不及物动词,需与介词of 搭配使用,意为“构成”;
constitute 除了表现“构成,构成”,另有“被视为,可算作”之意;
compose表现“构成,构成”时,屡屡用be composed of;
construct表现“构建,构成”时,主要用于指论点或体系等的构成和创建,如:construct a logical argument(建立切合逻辑的论点)。
14. further, supplementary, extra
further “进一步的;更远的”;
supplementary “增补的”;
extra “分外的,分外的”,go the extra mile 意为“愈加积极(以完成某事)”。
15. file,fire,fine, fill
file “提起(诉讼),提出(哀求)”,file a lawsuit against…意为“对…提出诉讼”;
fire “发射,开枪;开除,开除”;fine “对…处以罚款”;fill “充溢,充满”。
16. wreck, ruins, remains, debris
wreck 表现“失事船只或沉船(的残骸)”;
ruins “残垣断壁,废墟”,指修建物遭毁坏后的剩余局部;
remains “遗址;剩余局部;遗体”,指修建遗址,残羹剩菜,人的遗体或生物的残骸;
debris “碎片;残骸”,指被毁事物的残骸,但大多用于被毁水平较严峻的情况,通常情况被毁至只剩下碎片。
17. countless, countable, numerical, numeral
countless “多数的,数不尽的”,可修饰可数名词;countable “可数的”;numerical“数字的;数值的”;numeral “数字的”。
18. marine, maritime, oceangoing, oceanic
marine “海生的,海产的;船舶的,水师的”;
maritime表现connected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity,即 “海事的,海运的,与船舶有关的”;
oceangoing用于形貌船只,表现 “远洋的,驶往外洋的”,如:an oceangoing tanket “远洋油轮”;
oceanic “大海的,大海的”,只与大海本身固有属性干系,如:oceanic waters “海疆”。
19. characters, characteristics, charisma, characterization
characters “人物”; characteristics “(某物或或人易于识别的)特性”;
charisma “魅力”,不成数名词; characterization “人物形貌,刻画,塑造”。
20. ensure,insure, assure, reassure
ensure “确保”,ensure sth. insure “给…保险;确保”;reassure “使…安心”后接人作宾语;
assure “使确信,使安心,向…确保”,assure sb. of sth. 或assure sb. that.
21. release, publication, appearance, presentation
release “公开,公布,刊行”,release movie/book “刊行影戏/书”;
publication “出书”是指“书和杂志的出书”; appearance “显现;(群众场合)下场;外表”;
presentation “授予,发表;报告演说;扮演;出示(证据)”。
22. reveal, confirm, indicative, evident
reveal “体现;展现;泄漏”,reveal sth. to sb.; comfirm “确定;证实,证实”;
indicative “标明,体现,表现”,be indicative of 意为“标明”;
evident “分明的,不言而喻的”。
23. vision, eye, view, sight
vision “视力,视野;视觉”,vision总是与物主代词连用,vision 不与in, into, out of 连用。
eye “目光,视角”,in one's mind's eye 意为“在或人的脑海/追念中”;
view “视野,看法”, have etc. sth. in view 意为“心中有…目标/方案”;
sight “视力”,out of sight, out of view 意为“眼不见,心不想”。
24. critically, enormously, greatly, hard
critically “严峻的,约莫有伤害的”,critically injured “受伤严峻的”;
enormously “十分”,常用于修饰
popular/successful/destructive等;
greatly “很,十分”,寻常放在分词或动词前;
hard 作副词,意为“费力地,费力地,用力地”。
25. bounded, boundary, bound
bounded “有界线的”,常用于be bounded by “以…为界”;
boundary “界限,界线”;bound “准备前去”,be bound to/for 表现“意欲前去…”。
26. unchangeably, invariably, unalterably, immovably
unchangeably “无法改动地”,重申一点都没有改动;
invariably “安定地,恒定地”,重申某事不休产生大概情况不休云云;
unalterably “不成能改动地”; immovably “坚定不移地,安稳不动地”。
27. artificial, fake, false, wrong
artificial “人工制造的(物体、质料、工艺等)”,修饰colours(色素), flavours(香精), preservatives(防腐剂);
fake “假的,伪造的”,具有假冒,诈骗之意,如:fake jewel(假珠宝);
false “虚伪的,错误的;不老实的,敲诈的”,如 false account(假账);
wrong “错误的;不品德的;不切合的”,如 wrong conduct(不品德的举动)。
28. civic, civil, civilized, civilian
civic “城镇的,市政的;市民的”;civil “布衣的,人民的”;
civilized “文明的,开化的”;civilian “布衣,百姓”。
29. relieve, calm, comfort, still
relieve “减小,缓解”,与ease 赞同;calm “使宁静,使冷静”;
comfort “安慰”;still “使运动,使宁静”。
30. offset, make up for, balance, compensate for
offset “抵消,补偿”,offset sth.(against sth.);make up for “补偿,补偿”;balance “抵消”;compensate for “补偿,补偿”。
31. cut,lump,depression, swelling
cut “伤口,暗语”;lump “肿块”;depression “懊丧,烦闷”;swelling “(肢体上)肿胀的部位”。
32. consequence, outcome, result, aftermath
consequence “后果,后果”,~for sb./sth.,常含有负面后果之意;outcome “后果,后果”;result “后果,后果”,~of;
aftermath重申“因战争、暴风雨、事故等不幸事变的后果或余波”。
33. dispel,expel, repel, quell
dispel “遣散”,重申消弭或遣散某种信心、看法或以为;
expel “摈除,开除”,~sb.;repel “击退;排挤”,~ sb./sth.;
quell “停息,反抗;减小,消弭(疑虑)”。
34. deprive, lack, yearn, attain
deprive “剥夺”,deprive sb. of sth.;lack “缺乏,没有,不敷”;
yearn “巴望”,~for;attain “取得,取得”。
35. run into sb. “不测遇见或人”;run on “持续,不休地讲”;
run across “偶尔遇见或人”;run against “与……竞选(某个地点)”,~sb.;
strike up “与或人创建(交情等)”;strike on “偶尔发觉,忽然想起”;
36. contemporary, temporary,makeshift, spontaneous
contemporary “今世的,古代的”;temporary “暂且的,暂且的”;
makeshift “权宜的,暂且交换的”,重申“没有更好选择情况下暂年代用的”;
spontaneous “盲目的”。
37. prior to, due to, thanks to, relate to
prior to “在……之前”;
due to和thanks to 均是“由于……”,后接缘故;
relate to “与……有关”。
38. vigorous, valiant,variable, vigilant
vigorous “剧烈的,强度大的”;valiant “大胆的”;
variable “可变的”;vigilant “警惕的”。