中国最厉害的皇帝(外国人争论，秦始皇与亚历山大大帝相比谁更厉害？)

作为东西方两位传奇大帝，亚历山大是西方的荣光，秦始皇是东方的骄傲，如果这两个人碰撞到一起，那么谁才是真正的“王中王”？对于这一猜想的答案很多，比如西方学者认为，亚历山大打到中国家门口，就说明秦始皇败了，所以亚历山大更强；中国网友开玩笑的说“村夫械斗，安敢言战？”，我们看看各国网友的观点。

When we begin to evaluate someone's influence in history, we must consider whether his legacy is still implemented in the current society.

当我们开始评估某人在历史上的影响力时，我们必须思考他的遗产是否仍在当前社会中贯彻。

1. About Qin Shihuang

1、 关于秦始皇

As the first emperor of China, Qin Shihuang's rule not only focused on politics and military affairs, but also on economy and culture. Today, many of his policies are still implemented in China.

秦始皇作为中国的第一位皇帝，他的统治不仅集中在政治和军事上，还集中在经济和文化上。时至今日，他的许多政策仍在中国得到贯彻。

In terms of politics, Qin Shihuang followed the old political system of the Qin Empire and established the system of three officials and nine ministers, such as the prime minister, the first lieutenant, and the imperial historian. As the head of the empire, Qin Shihuang could control the operation of the central government. In addition to the central government, Emperor Qin Shihuang changed the enfeoffment system to the prefecture-county system, and the local governors must be appointed by the head of the empire. The local forces did not dare to resist the central government after the pacification. Since then, China has become a truly unified country, and modern China still follows the political system of Qin Shihuang about the prefecture and county system.

在政治方面，秦始皇遵循秦帝国的旧政治制度，设立了三公九卿制度，如丞相、太尉、御史大夫，各司其职。而秦始皇作为帝国的首脑，可以控制中央政府的运行。在中央政府之外，秦始皇将分封制改为郡县制，地方长官必须由帝国元首任命，地方势力平息不敢反抗中央政府。从那时起，中国成为一个真正统一的国家，现代中国仍然是遵循秦始皇关于郡县制度的政治制度。

On the military side, Qin Shihuang sent Qin troops to defeat the Huns and recapture the Hetao area. He ordered the construction of the Great Wall. From then on, the Great Wall began to resist invaders.

在军事方面，秦始皇派秦军击败匈奴，夺回河套地区，他下令修建长城。从那时起，长城开始抵御入侵者。

In terms of economy, Qin Shihuang ordered the unification of currency, so that everyone in China could easily buy and sell goods. He also ordered the width of the wheel span to be unified so that the carriage could run smoothly on the road. In the Qin Dynasty, China was a vast country, so these policies were so large that the Qin Empire could well safeguard the national unity.

在经济方面，秦始皇下令统一货币，中国每个人都可以很容易地买卖商品。他还下令统一车轮跨度的宽度，这样马车就可以在路上顺利疾驰。在秦朝，中国是一个幅员辽阔的国家，所以这些政策是如此之大，以至于秦帝国能够很好地维护国家的统一。

In terms of culture, Qin Shihuang ordered the unification of Chinese characters. We know that Chinese people have many dialects. When they come from different provinces, Chinese people usually cannot understand each other. But if we use the same words, we can understand each other well. Therefore, the unification of Chinese characters is also a great policy.

在文化方面，秦始皇下令统一汉字。我们知道，中国人有很多方言，当他们来自不同的省份时，中国人通常无法相互理解。但如果我们使用相同的词，我们可以很好地理解对方。因此，统一汉字也是一项伟大的政策。

In short, Qin Shihuang was a great emperor. Many of his political views profoundly affected China's history and shaped China's basic political structure and cultural development for thousands of years.

总之，秦始皇是一位伟大的皇帝，他的许多政治观点深刻地影响了中国的历史，塑造了中国的基本政治结构和数千年的文化发展。

2. About Alexander the Great

2.关于亚历山大大帝

Alexander was the emperor of the Alexander Empire. In my opinion, Alexander was just a great conqueror, but as the leader of a great country, he did not take enough measures to maintain the unity of the empire.

亚历山大是亚历山大帝国的皇帝。在我看来，亚历山大只是一个伟大的征服者，但作为一个伟大国家的领导人，他没有采取足够的措施来保持帝国的统一。

In politics, during the reign of Alexander the Great, he tried to fight in various regions of Eurasia, and Alexander the Great became a great power at that time. But Alexander the Great did not form a strong government, so after his death, the empire soon split into different countries.

在政治方面，在亚历山大大帝执政期间，他试图在欧亚大陆的各个地区进行战斗，亚历山大大帝帝国成为当时的一个大国。但亚历山大大帝并没有组建一个强大的政府，因此在他死后，帝国很快就分裂成了不同的国家。

In terms of culture, Alexander the Great tried to promote friendship and friendship between the East and the West. Therefore, he and his government encouraged mixed marriage. For some objective reasons, Alexander the Great promoted cultural exchanges.

在文化方面，亚历山大大帝试图促进东西方之间的友谊和友谊。因此，他和他的政府鼓励混合婚姻。由于一些客观原因，亚历山大大帝促进了文化交流。

In terms of economy, Alexander the Great built many great cities, the most famous of which is the Egyptian city of Alexandria, which soon became one of the major cities in the world and a leading academic and cultural center.

在经济方面，亚历山大大帝建造了许多伟大的城市，最著名的是埃及城市亚历山大，它很快成为世界主要城市之一，一个领先的学术和文化中心。

Your knowledge of Chinese history is 0. The area of the Qin Dynasty was 3.4 million square kilometers. The Alexander Empire covers an area of 5.5 million square kilometers. Alexander the Great conquered the country for 13 years. After his death, the country split. The largest period of Qin Dynasty lasted for 30 years, but in fact, China's reunification lasted for more than 2000 years. If you haven't studied Chinese history, don't scribble, it's stupid.

你这个人的中国历史知识为0。秦朝的面积为340万平方公里。亚历山大帝国面积550万平方公里。亚历山大大帝征服了13年，他死后国家分裂。秦朝领土最大的时期持续了30年，但实际上中国的统一持续了两千多年。如果你没有学习过中国历史，不要乱写，这太愚蠢了。

This is the territory of the Alexander Empire and has nothing to do with most Europeans. Some Westerners worship the great emperors of other countries as their ancestors, which makes me sick.

这是亚历山大帝国的领土，与大多数欧洲人无关。一些西方人把其他国家的伟大皇帝当作祖先崇拜，这让我恶心。

To be honest, ancient Egypt and Alexandria have nothing to do with the West. The West has written the civilization of other countries into its own history.

老实说，古埃及和亚历山大本身与西方无关，西方人自己将其他国家的文明写入了自己的历史。

In addition, western history can only be trusted after Rome, and the previous history is no different from fairy tales.

此外，西方历史只有在罗马之后才可信，以前的历史与童话故事没有什么不同。

The relationship between ancient Egypt, ancient Greece and the West is equivalent to the spread of Chinese culture to Korea and then to Japan. But Japan will never write Chinese history into Japanese history.

古埃及、古希腊和西方的关系相当于中国文化传播到朝鲜，然后传播到日本。但日本永远不会把中国历史写入日本历史。

When Western Rome was conquered by barbarians, barbarians also called themselves Rome. Even the ancestors of most Westerners have nothing to do with Rome.

当西罗马被野蛮人征服时，野蛮人也自称罗马。即使是大多数西方人的祖先也与罗马无关。

In ancient times, the world should be divided into two parts, and any comparison can only stand on its own side, otherwise the conclusion reached is particularly absurd. Alexander, Caesar and Hannibal of the West are less famous in the East than in the West.

在古代，世界应该一分为二，任何比较都只能站在自己一边，否则得出的结论特别荒谬。西方的亚历山大、凯撒和汉尼拔在东方的知名度不如西方。

If you know the Japanese, Koreans and Vietnamese, you will find that most of them talk about the generals and emperors of the East.

如果你了解日本人、韩国人、越南人，你会发现他们中的大多数人都讨论东方的将军和东方的皇帝。

In addition, according to the standard of Chinese history, many western history is false. Even if someone makes a comparison, they should also study western history and Chinese history. Most people have only studied some of them, which is not objective.

此外，根据中国历史的标准，西方的许多历史都是假的。即使有人进行比较，他们也应该研究西方历史和中国历史。大多数人只研究了其中的一部分，比较并不客观。

Yes, in addition to being a great conqueror, Alexander the Great was mostly remembered as a great general. He has never lost a battle. Qin Shihuang is more a politician than a military strategist, so it is not appropriate to compare him.

对，亚历山大大帝除了是一位伟大的征服者外，人们对他的印象大多是一位大将。他从未输掉过一场战斗。而秦始皇更多是一位政治家，而非军事家，所以拿他进行对比并不合适。

Hannibal and Napoleon were slightly inferior because of their final defeat. In Chinese history, Xiang Yu will be one of the greatest generals in history. I think he is more suitable for comparison.

汉尼拔和拿破仑因最终失利而稍逊一筹。在中国历史上，项羽将是有史以来最伟大的将军之一，我认为他比较合适进行对比。

His famous battles are absurdly against all kinds of unfavorable factors, outnumbered, and always win, which is only destructive to the enemy: I think his highest achievement is the battle of the giant deer.

他著名的战斗都是荒谬地对抗各种不利因素，寡不敌众，结果总是获胜，对敌人来说只是毁灭性的：我认为他的最高成就是巨鹿之战。

First of all, his enemy was the 2 million elite troops of the Qin Dynasty who were sent to drive the Huns northward (the Huns were obviously defeated and fled northward). His army was outnumbered, with a ratio of 1 to 3. He not only killed the commander of the Qin army, but also wiped out the entire elite Qin army. This is really surprising. His next victim was the last of the Qin army to resist the rebels, with a ratio of 1 to 5. This guy destroyed the powerful Qin Empire in less than a year.

他的敌人首先是被派往北驱匈奴的200万秦朝精锐部队（匈奴明显不敌，向北逃窜）。他的军队寡不敌众，数量对比达1比3，他不仅杀死了秦军的指挥官，还歼灭了整个精锐的秦军。这真是令人惊讶。他的下一个受害者是秦军抵抗叛军的最后一个，人数比1比5。这家伙在不到一年的时间里摧毁了强大的秦帝国。

His most precious victory was the battle of Pengcheng. This man led 300000 cavalry troops to attack the enemy from a distance overnight. In the morning, he launched a fierce battle with the frightened enemy and won at noon. This was done when his back was attacked and occupied. The enemy's force was 560000!

他最珍贵的胜利是彭城战役，这名男子率领30万骑兵从远处连夜袭击敌人，早上与受惊的敌人展开激战，并在中午获胜。这是在他的背部被包抄和侵占时完成的，敌人的兵力是56万！

There are still questions about Xiang Yu's achievements, but you should take this into account. These records were written by the winner - his enemy - the Han Dynasty.

对项羽的成就仍有疑问，但你要考虑到这一点，这些记录是由胜利者——他的敌人——汉朝——撰写的。

Xiang Yu is regarded by many Chinese as the god of war. The Qin Empire may be smaller than the Persian Empire, but this is his achievement at the age of 26. Xiang Yu's failure was similar to that of Hannibal and Napoleon, because he had a great nemesis, and Alexander defeated Darius, and he was not a good politician, which made it difficult to maintain the integrity and unity of an empire. After all, everyone knows that if Alexander could live longer, people often only think of the positive side, and the same is true for people as tall as Xiang Yu.

项羽被许多中国人认为是战神，秦帝国与波斯帝国相比可能更小，但这是他在26岁时的成就。项羽的失败与汉尼拔和拿破仑相似，是因为他有一个伟大的克星，而亚历山大打败了大流士，而且他不是一个好政治家，这很难维持一个帝国的完整统一，毕竟谁都知道亚历山大如果能活得更久，人们往往只会想到积极的一面，而像项羽这样身高的人也是如此。

The second candidate is Huo Qubing, who has never been defeated in battle like Alexander; He often outnumbered the crowd and was as close as Alexander; He almost defeated the Hun Empire, the tenth largest empire in history, similar to Alexander, but he was not a conqueror because he had other great generals to rely on, and of course, the support of the Han Empire; He also died at the age of 23.

第二位候选人是霍去病，他从未像亚历山大一样在战斗中被击败；经常以寡敌众，与亚历山大一样势均力敌；他几乎击败了历史上第十大帝国匈奴帝国，与亚历山大相似，但他不是征服者，因为他有其他伟大的将领可以依靠，当然还有汉帝国的支持；他也在23岁时去世。

If we are looking at the conquerors who are also great generals, then Cao Cao, Li Shimin, Liu Bang (the man who defeated Xiang Yu), Liu Xiu and Zhu Yuanzhang are all great. They conquered China, but Alexander only conquered Macedonia and most of Greece. The biggest difference is that Emperor Alexander rarely allowed or thought it was a good idea for a general to conquer vast territory.

如果我们看的是同样是伟大将领的征服者，那么曹操、李世民、刘邦（打败项羽的那个人）、刘秀、朱元璋都是了不起的，他们征服了中国，亚历山大却只征服了马其顿和大部分希腊。最大的区别是，亚历山大皇帝很少允许，也不认为让一位将军征服广阔的领土是一个好主意。

In the last few words, most of the senior generals recognized in the British media have shown the centrist views of Europe, Britain and the United States, plus some Japanese fetishism, which may make them legal. For example, Qin Shihuang often appeared in the list, and he never commanded the army or fought.

最后说几句话，大多数在英国媒体上被认可的高级将领都表现出了欧洲、英国和美国的中心主义观点，再加上一些日本人的恋物癖，可能会让自己变得合法。例如，秦始皇经常出现在名单中，他从未指挥过军队或战斗。

Update: Alexander has never lost a battle. At first, I was skeptical about the outcome of the Battle of Hydas Perth, but there was no fact to support it.

更新：亚历山大从未输掉过一场战斗。起初，我对海达斯珀斯战役的结果表示怀疑，但实际上并没有事实支持。

Alexander the Great will win the first encounter in a one-on-one battle with equal numbers. This is his specialty.

亚历山大大帝将在一场人数相等的一对一战斗中，在第一次相遇中获胜。这是他的专长。

Just like your comment on the establishment of a country by the Qin Emperor (in fact, the Qin State has been established; he has unified all other countries), it is clear that fierce war is not the decisive factor to win the actual war.

正如你对秦皇建立一个国家（实际上秦国已经建立；他统一了所有其他国家）的评论一样，显然，激战并不是赢得实际战争的决定性因素。

If you ask who will win the all-out war between the two men, Alexander has absolutely no chance. The core of the Greek/Macedonian army is a small number of professional soldiers, who have a culture of seeking glory in the frontal confrontation. Compared with the Qin State, which relies on large-scale conscription, its organizational structure is relatively outdated. The following items should also be considered:

如果你问谁会赢得两人之间的全面战争，亚历山大绝对没有机会。希腊/马其顿军队的核心是少数职业军人，他们有着在正面交锋中寻求荣耀的文化，与依靠大规模征兵的秦国相比，其组织结构相对更为陈旧。还应考虑以下事项：

? Most of the more destructive modern wars ended with large-scale conscription, because the irreplaceable elite soldiers died in the early stage of the war. Although Alexander's population base is enough to recruit conscripts, their loyalty is extremely suspicious, because most of them are from the slave class, so his ability of conscripts is far inferior to that of Qin.

?大多数规模更大的毁灭性现代战争也以大规模征兵为标志结束，因为无法替代的精英士兵在战争的早期阶段就已经死亡了。虽然亚历山大的人口基数足以招募义务兵，但他们的忠诚度极为可疑，因为大多数人都来自奴隶阶级，因此他的义务兵的能力远不如秦国。

? As a professional soldier, Alexander's men bought their own weapons and armor. Therefore, the quality of their weapons is different, depending on their personal wealth. The war machine of Qin standardized the armaments of all soldiers.

?作为职业军人，亚历山大的手下购买了自己的武器和盔甲，因此，他们的武器质量不一致，取决于个人财富。秦国的战争机器使所有士兵的军备标准化。

? China's military signal technology is much more advanced, so their commanders can deploy and control more soldiers, such as using military kites. Until Marco Polo returned to Europe, similar flying devices were not known.

?中国的军事信号技术要先进得多，因此他们的指挥官可以部署和控制更多的士兵，例如使用军用风筝。直到马可·波罗回到欧洲，类似的飞行装置才为人所知。

? China's war is generally more complex, and generals need to consider more factors, not just win the battle. In addition to the fierce war, the Chinese generals continue to launch guerrilla warfare, lure and provoke the enemy, set traps, such as artificial avalanches or floods, send spies or deploy double spies. This makes their war at an extreme psychological level, and Alexander seems to have no experience in this aspect. The intensity and complexity of the ancient Greek war and the Chinese war are not at the same level.

?中国战争总体上更加复杂，将军们需要考虑更多因素，而不仅仅是赢得战斗。在激战之外，中国将领不断发动游击战，引诱和激怒敌人，设置陷阱，如人为雪崩或洪水，派遣间谍或部署双重间谍。这使得他们所进行的战争处于一种极端的心理水平，而亚历山大似乎没有这方面的经验。古希腊战争和中国战争的激烈和复杂程度不在一个层次上。

Yes, Alexander did conquer the Persian Empire, which was a great feat. However, it should also be taken into account that there is almost no relationship between Greece and Iran today, while China still retains the significant influence in the name, unified language and legal system initially established by Qin Shihuang. It is clear that although Alexander can win the war, his ability to purposeful war beyond blind conquest is very limited, and he cannot establish lasting influence on most of the territory he acquired.

是的，亚历山大确实征服了波斯帝国，这是一个不小的壮举。但也要考虑到，如今希腊和伊朗几乎没有任何关系，而中国仍然保留着秦始皇最初确立的名称、统一语言和法律体系中的重大影响，很显然，尽管亚历山大能够赢得战争，但他在盲目征服之外的有目的的战争能力非常有限，他无法在他获得的大部分领土上建立持久的影响力。