2019年中考英语考纲词汇（ PQR）
P
Pacific [p??s?f?k] a. 太平洋的
page [pe?d?] n. 页，页码
pain [pe?n] n. 疼痛，努力
paint [pe?nt] n. 油漆
pair [pe?(r)] n. 一双，一对
a pair of 一对/一双/一副......
palace [?p?l?s] n. 宫，宫殿
pale [pe?l] a. 苍白的；灰白的
pancake [?p?nke?k] n. 薄煎饼
panda [?p?nd?] n. 熊猫
paper [?pe?p?(r)] n. 纸；报纸
pardon [?pɑ?d(?)n] n. 原谅，宽恕，对不起
parent [?pe?r?nt] n. 父(母)，双亲
park [pɑ?k] n. 公园；vt. 停放（汽车）
part [pɑ?t] n. 部分；成分；角色；部件；零件
take part in… 参加……
Shall we take part in the meeting ? 我们可以参加会议吗？
take the part of 支持......
Most of the women took the part of Martin Brown. 绝大多数妇女支持马丁·布朗。
part-time adj. 兼职的；部分时间的 adv. 兼职地；用部分时间地
party [?pɑ?t?] n. 聚会，晚会；党派
pass [pɑ?s; (US) p?s] vt. 传，递；经过；通过
pass the message to sb. 传递信息给某人
pass on 传递
pass sb. sth. =pass sth. to sb. 传递某人某物
passage [?p?s?d?] n. 一节；一段；地道；走廊
passenger [?p?s?nd??(r)] n. 乘客，旅客
passport[?pɑ?sp??t; (US) ?p?sp??t] n. 护照
past [pɑ?st; (US) p?st] ad.n.prep. 过；过去，昔日，往事；过……，走过某处
patient [?pe??(?)nt] n.a. 病人；耐心的
pay(paid, paid) [?pe??(?)nt] v. 付钱，给……报酬
I paid twenty yuan for the dictionary.
我花了20元买这本字典。
pay for 付给， 支付
pay a visit (to) 访问
When can they pay a visit to the headmaster?
他们什么时候能访问校长？
pay attention to 注意
Why didn’t you pay attention to the question mark? 你为什么不注意问号呢？
PE(=P.E./physical education) n. 体育
peace [pi?s] n. 和平
pear[pe?(r)] n. 梨子，梨树
pen [pen] n. 钢笔，笔
pencil [?pens(?)l] n. 铅笔
people [?pi?p(?)l] n. 人，人们；人民
perfect [?p?:f?kt] a. 完美的，及好的
perhaps [p??h?ps] ad. 可能，或许
period[?p??r??d] n. 定期，时代
person [?p??s(?)n] n. 人
personal [?p??s?n(?)l] a. 个人的，私人的
pet[pet] n. 宠物，爱畜
phone =telephone [f??n] v.n. 打电话；电话，电话机
photo=photograph [?f??t??] n. 照片
physics [?f?z?ks] n. 物理(学)
pick [p?k] v. 拾起，采集；挑选
pick up 捡起；接；收拾；不费力地学会
There is a pen on the floor. Let me pick it up. 地上有支笔，我来捡。
picnic [?p?kn?k] n. 野餐
picture [?p?kt??(r)] n. 图片，画片，照片
pie [pa?] n. 甜馅饼
piece [p?s] n. 一块(片，张，件……)
pig [p?g] n. 猪
pilot [?pa?l?t] n. 飞行员
pink [p??k] a. 粉红色的
pioneer [pa???n??(r)] n. 先锋，开拓者
pity [?p?t?] n. 怜悯，同情
feel pity for 同情......
I felt pity for the poor man. 我同情这个可怜的男人。
What a pity ! 真遗憾！
It’s a pity that you can’t come to our party. 真遗憾你不能来参加我们的聚会。
place [ple?s] n.v. 地方，处所；放置，安置，安排
take place 发生
The football match took place last night.
足球比赛在昨晚进行。
take the place of 取代……
Who can take the place of him when he is out?
他不在时谁能代替他?
places of interest 名胜，景区
We have visited many places of interest in China.
我们已游览过许多中国的名胜。
plain[ple?n] a. 家常的；普通的
plan [pl?n] n.&v. 计划，打算
make a plan 做计划
plan to do sth. 计划做某事
plane [ple?n] n. 飞机
planet [?pl?n?t] n. 行星
plant [plɑ?nt; (US) ?pl?nt] vt.n. 种植，播种；植物
play [ple?] v. 玩；打(球)；游戏；播放
play football 踢足球
play the piano 弹钢琴
play with 玩......
play sports 做运动
Many young people are crazy about playing computer games.
很多年轻人痴迷于电脑游戏。
player [ple??] n. 运动员，比赛者，演员
playground [?ple?gra?nd] n. 操场，运动场
please [pli?z] v. 请；使人高兴，使人满意
pleasure [?ple??] n. 高兴，愉快
plenty[plenti] n. 充足，大量
plenty of 大量的
pocket [?p?k?t] n. (衣服的)口袋
poem [?p???m] n. 诗
point [p??nt] v.n. 指，指向；点；分数
point to 指向（较远之物）
He pointed to the woman under the tree and said,“She is our new teacher.”
他指着树下那个女的说：“她是我们的新老师。
point at 指向（较近之物）
“Beijing is here.” he pointed at the map and said. “北京在这儿”他指着地图说。
point out 指出
The teacher pointed out his mistakes. 老师指出了他的错误。
police [p??li?s] n. 警察，警务人员
policeman(pl. policemen) [p??li?sm?n] n. 警察；巡警；
policewoman(pl.policewomen) n. 女警察；女巡警；
polite[p??la?t] a. 有礼貌的；有教养的
pollute[plu:t] v.污染
pollution[plu:??n] n. 污染
pool [pu?l] n. 水塘，水池
poor [p??(r)] a. 贫穷的；可怜的；不好的，差的
popular [?p?pj?l?(r)]=pop a. (音乐、艺术等)大众的，通俗的
population [p?pj??le??(?)n] n. 人口，人数
possible [?p?s?b(?)l] a. 可能的
post[p??st] v. 投寄；邮寄
postcard[?p??stkɑ?d] n. 明信片
postman [?p??stm?n] n. 邮递员
potato [p??te?t??] n. 土豆，马铃薯
pound [paund] n. 磅；英镑
practice[?pr?kt?s] n. 练习
put...into practice 实施/实践......
Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
practice doing sth 练习做某事
I often practice speaking english at home. 我经常在家练习说英语。
praise [pre?z] n.&vt. 赞扬，表扬
prepare [pr??pe?(r)] vt. 准备；预备；调制；配制
prepare for… 为…...而准备
The parents are preparing for the coming new year. 父母们正在为新年做准备。
Now we should be well prepared for the future.
现在我们就应该为未来做好充分的准备。
present [?prez(?)nt] n. 礼物，赠品
president[?prez?d?nt] n. 总统；主席
pretty[?pr?t?] a. 漂亮的，俊俏的
price [pra?s] n. 价格，价钱
at any price 不惜任何代价
I want to buy the book at any price. 不管多少钱，我也要买那本书。
pride[pra?d] n. 自豪；骄傲
primary[?pra?m?r?] a. 初等的，初级的
print[pr?nt] vt. 印刷
private [?pra?v?t] a. 私人的
prize [pra?z] n. 奖赏，奖品
probably[?pr?b?b(?)l?] ad. 很可能，大概
problem[?pr?bl?m] n. 问题，难题
no problem 没问题
produce [pr??dju?s; (US) -?du?s] vt. 生产；制造
product [pr??d?kt] n. 产品
programme(美program) [?pr??ɡr?m] n. 节目；项目
progress [?pr??ɡres; (US) ?pr?ɡres] n.vt. 进步；上进；进展
Only in this way can you make progress in English.
只有用这种方法，你才能在英语上取得进步。
project[?pr?d?ekt] vt.n. 计划;放映;发射;展现，项目，工程;计划
promise [?pr?m?s] n.&vi 答应；允许
As the saying goes, it is easier to promise than to carry it out .
正如俗话所说，“许诺容易践诺难。”
keep a promise 遵守诺言
He never keeps his promise. Don’t believe him. 他从来不遵守诺言。不要相信他。
break a promise 不守诺言，违背诺言
You shouldn’t break your promise.We all think you are a good boy. 你不该违背诺言。我们都信为你是个好孩子。
pronounce [pr??na?ns] vt 发音
pronunciation [pr?n?ns??e??(?)n] n. 发音
proper [?pr?p?(r)] a. 恰当的，合适的
at proper time 在适当的时间
protect [pr??tekt] vt 保护
proud [pra?d] a. 自豪的；骄傲的
be proud of 为……而骄傲（自豪）常用于褒义。
We’re proud of our motherland. 我们为祖国而自豪。
be proud about 为……而骄傲（自豪），常用于贬义。
We’re nothing to be proud about. 我们没有什么值得骄傲的。
provide [pr??va?d] vt 提供
provide sb with sth. 提供某人某物
provide sth for sb. 提供某人某物
She provides education for her son by working in a factory.
她靠在工厂工作来供儿子的教育。
public [?p?bl?k] a.n. 公共的；公众的；公众
in public 在公共场合
the public 大众
pull [p?l] v.n. 拉，拖；拉力，引力
punish [?p?n??] vt 惩罚；处罚
pupil [?pju?p?l] n. (小)学生
purple [?p??p(?)l] n.a. 紫色；紫色的
purpose [p??p?s] n. 目的，目标
on purpose 故意地
push [p??] n.&v. 推
put(put, put) [p?t] v. 放，摆
put away 收起来，放好
You’d better put away your things. 你最好把东西放置好。
put on 穿上，戴
He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上外套，出去了。
put into 把……译成……
Can you put the story into Chinese. 你能把这个故事译成中文吗？
put off 推迟，拖延
We’ll have to put off the meting till Friday. 我们不得不把会议推迟到周五。
put up 建造；举起；供给…住宿；张贴
Put up the map on the wall，please. 请把地图贴在墙上。
There’s too much money being wasted, and it’s time we put a stop to it.
浪费了太多钱了，是时候阻止浪费了。
Q
quarter [?kw??t?(r)] n. 四分之一；
question[?kwest?(?)n] n. 问题
beside the question 离题
out of the question 没问题，毫无疑问
out of the question 不可能的，办不到的
without question 毫无疑问
quick[kw?k] a.ad. 快的，敏捷的；快地，敏捷地
quiet[?kwa??t] a. 安静的，寂静的
quite [kwa?t] ad. 完全，十分
R
rabbit [?r?b?t] n. 兔，家兔
race[re?s] n. 种族，民族；赛跑，竞赛
relay race 接力赛
a race against time 和时间赛跑
race against/with sb 和某人赛跑
radio [re?d???] n. 无线电，收音机
on the radio/by radio 通过无线电
railway[?re?lwe?] n. 铁路；铁道
rain [re?n] n.vi. 雨，雨水；下雨
rain out 因雨而中断
The game was rained out.比赛因雨暂停举行。
相关词汇: raincoat 雨衣
rainbow 彩虹
rainfall 降雨量
rainless 无雨天
rainy[?re?n?] a. 下雨的；多雨的
raise [re?z] vt. 使升高；饲养
raise one’s eyes 举目观看
raise one’s voice against sb/sth坚决的发言反对某人或某事物
rapid[?r?p?d] a. 快的，迅速的
reach [ri?t?] v. 到达，伸手(脚等)够到
get to/arrive in/arrive at 到达
reach one’s hand 伸手
with easy reach of 在容易达到……的地方；在……的附近
read(read, read) [ri?d] v. 读；朗读
He was reading silently to himself. 他正在默读。
read about/of sb./sth. 借助阅读发现某人（某事）的情况
I read about/of her in today’s paper.我在今天的报纸上读到关于她的消息。
read…aloud 朗读
The teacher asked the strdents to read the text aloud after class.老师让学生们在课后朗读课文。
ready [?red?] a. 准备好的
be ready to do sth 准备好/乐意做某事
be ready for sth 为......而准备好
real[ri?l] a. 真实的，确实的
词型转换：realism 现实主义
realist 现实主义者
realistic 现实主义的
reality真实性
realise (美realize) [?r??la?z] vt. 认识到，实现
Only after you lose your health, will you realize the importance of health.
只有你失去健康后才能真正意识到健康的重要性。
really[r??l?] adv. 实际上; 真，真正; 实在，果真; 事实上;
reason [?r?z?n] n. 原因
receive [r??si?v] v. 收到，得到
receive sth from sb 收到来自某人的某物
receive a letter from sb = hear from sb
recently[?ri?s?nt] adv. 近来地，最近地
record [?rek??d; (US) ?rek?rd] n. 记录；唱片
on record 记载下来的
keep/hold the record 保持记录
break the record 打破记录
red[red] n.a. 红色；红色的
refuse[r??fju?z] vt 拒绝，不愿
regret [r??ɡret] n.&vt 可惜；遗憾；痛惜；哀悼
relationship[r??le??(?)n???p] n. 关系; 联系
relative[rel??t?v] a.n. 相对的; 相关的; 相互有关的; 比较而言的；亲属，亲戚
relax [r??l?ks] v. (使)放松，轻松
A nice hot bath should help to relax you.
好好洗个热水澡会帮助你放松。
remain [r??me?n] vt.vi. 余下；留下
保持；仍是
In spite of their quarrel, they remained the best of friends.
尽管他们吵架了，他们依然是最好的朋友。
remember[r??memb?r] v. 记得，想起
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
remember to do sth 记得要做某事
I can still vividly remember my grandfather teaching me to play cards.
爷爷教我打纸牌的情景我记忆犹新。
repair [r??pe?(r)] n.&v. 修理；修补
repeat[r??pi?t] vt. 重说；重做
reply[r??pla?] n. 回答，答复
report [r??p??t] n.&v. 报道，报告
词型转换：n. reporter 记者
require[r??kwa??(r)] vt. 需求；要求
All cars requires servicing reqularly. 所有车都需要定期保养。
词型转换：n. requirement
make some requirements 提出一些要求
research[r??s??t?] n. 研究；调查
rest[rest] n.vi. 休息；剩余的部分，其余的人(物) 休息，歇息
have/take a (good) rest （好好）休息一下
the rest of 其谓语动词随所接名词的变化而变化
restaurant[?rest?r?nt; (US) ?rest?r?nt] n. 饭馆，饭店
result [r??z?lt] n. 结果，效果
as a result of 作为......的结果；由于......
as a result 结果
return[r??t??n] v. 归还，回，归
return sth. to sb. 带回或送回某物
return blow for blow 以牙还牙
return thanks 答谢
review [r??vju?] vtn. 重新调查；回顾；复习；复查；复习；评论
rice [ra?s] n. 稻米；米饭
rich [r?t?] a. 富裕的；有钱的
be rich in 富含/盛产
the rich 有钱人/富人
ride(rode, ridden) [ra?d] v. 骑(马、自行车)；乘车
give sb a ride 让某人搭便车
go for a ride 兜风
right [ra?t] n.a.ad.a. 权利；对，正确的；正确地，恰恰，完全地；右，右边的
all right 好；顺利；正确的
do the right thing 做得好
right away 立刻，马上
right here 就在这里
right now 就在现在
ring(rang, rung) [r??] v.n. (钟、铃等)响；打电话；电话，铃声；环形物(如环、圈、戒指等)
ring (up) sb 给某人打电话
rise (rose, risen) [ra?z] vi. 上升，上涨
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。
risk[r?sk] n. 冒险；风险
at the risk of doing sth 冒可能做某事的危险
river[?r?v?(r)] n. 江；河；水道；巨流
road [r?ud] n. 路，道路
robot [?r?ub?t] n. 机器人
rock [r?k] n. 岩石，大石头
role[r??l] n. 角色
play an important role in sth
room[rum] n. 房间，室；空间；地方
This table takes up too much room. 这张桌子占据了太多空间。
There are many rooms in this restaurant. 在这家餐馆里有很多房间。
rope[r??p] n. 绳；索
a rope of… 一串……
tie sth. with (a) rope 用绳子捆东西
rose [r?uz] n. 玫瑰花
round [raund] ad.prep.a. 转过来；环绕一周，围着；圆的；球形的
row[r?u] n.v. (一)排；(一)打；划船
rubbish [?r?bi??] n. 垃圾；废物
rule [ru?l] n.vt. 规则，规定；统治；支配
break the rules 破坏规则
ruler [?ru?l?(r)] n. 统治者；直尺
run(ran, run) [r?n] vi. 跑，奔跑；(颜色)褪色
run after sb 追赶某人
run away from sb/sth 突然离开某人或某处
run into sb 撞到/偶然遇见某人
run out of sth/run sth out 用完，耗尽
rush[r??] vi. 冲，奔跑
Russia[?r???] n. 俄罗斯，俄国
Russian [?r??(?)n] a.n. 俄国人的，俄语的；俄国人，俄语
