中考抢手丨外形相似的动词的误用！

1.lie与lay的区别

lie-lay lain-lying(躺)

lie--lied- lied - lying( 撒谎)

laid- -laid -laying(放 ,置)

①We lay down on the grass.

我们在草地上躺下去。(lay 是lie"躺”的已往式)

②He is laying a carpet.他正在铺着毯子。

③You are lying. 你在扯谎。

2.rise与raise

①rise-- rose-- risen(起立,升起)是不及物动词;

②raise-raised-raised(举起，豢养)是及物动词。

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东边升起，从东方落下。

Mrs White knew that prices always rose.怀特太太晓得价格总在上升。

She raised her glass to Mr Wang.她向王教师(举杯)敬酒。

His father has raised cattle for five years.他的父亲豢养家畜已五年了。

3. hang(悬挂)与hang(吊死、绞死)的区别

hang -hung- hung -hanging(悬挂) ;

hang- hanged- hanged- hanging( 绞死、吊死)。

He will be hanged as a spy tomorrow afternoon.明天中午他将作为特务被绞死。

In the hall are hung two paintings that you've never seen before.大厅里悬挂两幅图画是你从前没见过的。

4.sit、set与seat的区别

①sit- sat- sat坐（不及物动词，sitdown"坐下”）

②set-set-set“放、摆、使坐下”，及物动词。

③seat“就座”，及物动词，后常跟反身代词

（seat oneself,大概用be seated 。）

She was sitting on (in) an easy chair.她坐在安泰椅上。

We sat talking for some time.我们坐着扳谈了一会。

He set the fan on the desk.他把电电扇摆在课桌上。

Mother set her baby in the chair.母亲让孩子坐在椅子上。

Please be seated. = Please seat yourself.请坐。

5. wake, waken, awake与awaken的区别

①wake最常用，多用于白话，表现醒来叫醒，偶尔也表现叫醒、提示。wake还常与up连用( wake up) ;

②waken 意思和wake差不多，只是更多地用于文学言语中,多用作及物动词,偶尔可交换wake ;

③awake 和awaken 通常不指睡觉中醒来方面的意义。而是指一种头脑唤起一一局部的觉醒、觉悟或引发种情感，或熟悉到某种伤害而惊醒。总之,awake和awaken常用的是“醒"的引申义、比如义，不是“醒”的具体举动举措。awake和awaken没什么区别，只是awake作不及物动词时较多，awaken作及物动词时较多。比如:

Wake up! Wake up! It's time to go to school.醒醒!醒醒!该上学去了。

She was wakened by the sound. 她被声响吵醒了。

You must awake to the fact that failure will mean disgrace.你必需熟悉到失败便是羞耻

We must awaken the people to the dangers facing our factory.我们必需叫醒人民，伤害已到临厂门。

At the beginning I paid little attention, but slowly my interestawoke.开头我不注意，但徐徐地我的兴致来了。

注意：awake还可作表语形貌词。awake与waking的区别有点儿像asleep和sleeping的区别。说very awake是错的，要说flully awake或wide-awake(完全醒着)。比如:

Is he awake or asleep?他是醒着，照旧睡着呢?

I have lain awake all night thinking of them.我彻夜未眠，在想这些事。

The coffee I drank before going to bed kept me wide awake almost all night.临睡前我喝的咖啡弄得我几乎一夜没睡着。

6. let's与let us的区别

let’s 用于提发起,表现“我们一同...…”

Iet us意思有两个:一是允许他人做某事;一是请他人允许本人做某事。

Let’s go for a walk.我们去散安步吧。

Let's not talk of that matter.我们别谈那件事了。(注意let's的否情势为let's not)

If he were you, he would let us go.假如他是你，他会让我们去的。

"Let us go away! Let us out, or we'll kill the crew!”eried the hiackes.“让我们分开!让我们走,不然我们就杀死全部机组职员!”劫机者吼叫着。

注意当let's,let us构成反意疑问句时，有所不同:

Let's go to school, shall we?

Let us start at once, will you?

7. experience与experiment的区别

①experience作动词，意为“履历某种事变和情感”，作名词意为“履历”;

②experiment作动词，意为“做实行”，作名词意为“实行”。

He has experienced the two world wars.

他以前历过二次天下大战。

The men who first experimented with planes hoped to imitatetheflightofbirds.那些起首使用飞机做实行的人是想模仿鸟的飞行。

8. used to和be used to的区别

(used to是“已往常常”,used to do sth.指“ 已往习气做什么或常常做什么”。这里的used to后接不定式，并且只用于已往式。比如:？be used to表现“习气于做什么事变”,后接名词大概动词-ing.偶尔be used to也表现“被用来做什么事变”，在此意义中，后接不(定式。

When Tom was a lttle boy, he used to like swimming. 当汤姆是小孩时，他常常喜好游泳。

She was not used to Japanese dishes. 她不习气吃日本菜。

He is used to living in the south of China他习气住在中国南方。

Nylon is used to make stoclkings.

尼龙被用制造袜子。(被动语态)