affect, effect, influence用法区别
1、affect 与 effect 均可表现“影响”,其区别是:
前者是动词(及物),主要指一时的影响,偏重影响的举措,可指寻常意义的影响(不分优劣),也可指不良影响;
后者是名词(可数或不成数);
两者的干系大抵为:affect=have an effect on.如:
To affect a policy is to have an effect on it.
影响一项政策就是对该政策具有一定影响。
The news did not affect her at all.=The news had no effect on her at all.
这条消息对她没有一点影响。
effect /??fekt/ (名词、动词都是这个发音,重音在后方,不要遭到很多单词都是当名词重音在前而当动词重音在后的影响)偶尔也用作动词(及物),但不表现“影响”,而表现“完成”或“产生”等。如:
They effected their escape in the middle of the night.
他们半夜逃脱了。
He effected great changes in the company.
他使公司产生了宏大的厘革。
2、influence表现“影响”,主要指对举动、性情、看法等产生直接的或潜移默化的影响。可用作动词(及物)或名词(通常不成数,但偶尔可连用不定冠词)。如:
What you read influences your thinking.
你读的东西对你的头脑有影响。
Television has a strong influence on people.
电视对人有很大的影响。
It’s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso.
她的画显然受了毕加索的影响。
别的,提到对人的情感的影响,用affect。但是affect另有“冲动”的意思。而affect的派生名词affection主要的意思就是“喜好、情感”
那么我们来分析一下我们事情中实践见到的句子。
This is a very serious quality issue which have influenced our normal production.
此处,用influence不是很切合,最好照旧用affect。
改为:This is a very serious quality issue, which have affected our normal production.或:
This is a very serious quality issue, which have had an effect on our normal production.